Cambridge 20 Academic Reading Test 4

Reading Passage 1

Questions 1–7

Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

The life and work of Georgia O’Keeffe

  • studied art, then worked as a 1 in various places in the USA

  • created drawings using 2 which were exhibited in New York City

  • moved to New York and became famous for her paintings of the city’s 3

  • produced a series of innovative close-up paintings of 4

  • went to New Mexico and was initially inspired to paint the many 5 that could be found there

  • continued to paint various features that together formed the dramatic 6 of New Mexico for over forty years

  • travelled widely by plane in later years, and painted pictures of clouds and 7 seen from above

Questions 8–13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

TRUE – if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE – if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN – if there is no information on this

8. Georgia O’Keeffe’s style was greatly influenced by the changing fashions in art over the seven decades of her career.

9. When O’Keeffe finished high school, she had already made her mind up about the career that she wanted.

10. Alfred Stieglitz first discovered O’Keeffe’s work when she sent some abstract drawings to his gallery in New York City.

11. O’Keeffe was the subject of Stieglitz’s photographic work for many years.

12. O’Keeffe’s paintings of the patio of her house in Abiquiú were among the artist’s favourite works.

13. O’Keeffe produced a greater quantity of work during the 1950s to 1970s than at any other time in her life

Reading Passage 2

Questions 14–17
Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A–F.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
14 how a type of plant functions as a natural protection for coastlines

15. a prediction about how long it could take to stop noticing the effects of climate change

16. a reference to the fact that a solution is particularly cost-effective

17. a mention of a technology used to locate areas most in need of intervention

Questions 18–22

Complete the sentences below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

  1. The stormwater-management programme in Miami Beach has involved the installation of efficient .

  2. The construction of  was the first stage of a project to ensure the success of mangroves in Indonesia.

  3. As a response to rising floodwaters in the Mekong Delta, a not-for-profit organisation has been building houses that can .

  4. Rising sea levels in Bangladesh have made it necessary to introduce various  that are suitable for areas of high salt content.

  5. A project in LA has increased the number of  on the city’s streets.

Questions 23–26

Look at the following statements (Questions 23–26) and the list of people below.
Match each statement with the correct person, A–E.

List of People
A. Yanira Pineda
B. Susanna Tol
C. Elizabeth English
D. Raisa Chowdhury
E. Greg Spotts

23. It is essential to adopt strategies which involve and help residents of the region.

24. Interventions which reduce heat are absolutely vital for our survival in this location.

25. More work will need to be done in future decades to deal with the impact of rising water levels.

26. The number of locations requiring action to adapt to flooding has grown in recent years.

Reading Passage 3

Questions 27–31
Reading Passage 3 has seven paragraphs, A–G.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
NB You may use any letter more than once.

27. an example of how one predator has been protected by the introduction of livestock guard dogs

28. an optimistic suggestion about the possible positive developments in the use of livestock guard dogs

29. a description of how the methods used by livestock guard dogs help to keep predators away

30. claims by different academics that the use of livestock guard dogs is a successful way of protecting farmers’ herds

31. a reference to how livestock guard dogs gain their skills

Questions 32–36

Look at the following statements (Questions 32–36) and the list of people below.
Match each statement with the correct person, A–E.

List of People
A. Dan Macon
B. Silvia Ribeiro
C. Linda van Bommel
D. Julie Young
E. Bethany Smith

32. The use of guard dogs may save the lives of both livestock and wild animals.

33. Claims of a change in behaviour from those using livestock guard dogs may not be totally accurate.

34. There may be negative results if the use of livestock guard dogs is not sufficiently widespread.

35. Livestock guard dogs are the best way of protecting farm animals, as long as the dogs are appropriately handled.

36. Teaching a livestock guard dog how to do its work needs a different focus from teaching a house guard dog.

Questions 37–40

Complete the summary below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Unintended ecological effects of using guard dogs

In Namibia, livestock guard dogs have been used to protect domestic animals from attacks by cheetahs. This has led to a rise in the deaths of other predators, particularly 37. In addition, it has been suggested that the dogs could have 38which may affect other species, and that they may reduce the amount of 39 available to certain wild animals. On the other hand, these dogs may help birds by protecting their nests. These might otherwise be threatened by predators such as 40.

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